Production and Component Terms (Términos de Producción y Componentes)

Spanish Term	English Translation	Simplified Definition
Aleación	Alloy	A mixture of two or more metals used in coin manufacturing.
Bimetálico	Bimetallic	A coin that is composed of two different metals joined together (e.g., some Euros).
Cospel	Planchet (or Blank)	The blank metal disc (planche) before it is struck to become a coin.
Moneda Revestida	Clad Coin	Coins with a core and an outer layer of different metals (e.g., U.S. 10¢, 25¢, and 50¢ coins since 1965).
Troquel	Die	The engraved metal stamp used to impress the design (images, value, mottos) onto the planchet.
Anverso	Obverse	The front side or «heads» of a coin.
Reverso	Reverse	The back side or «tails» of a coin.
Canto	Edge	The outer rim of a coin, considered its «third side.»
Borde	Rim	The raised ridge on both sides of a coin that protects the design from wear.
Collar	Collar	The metal piece that holds the planchet and prevents the metal from spreading excessively during striking.
Acuñación	Striking	The process of stamping a planchet with the design using the die.
Recocido	Annealing	The process of heating the planchets in a furnace to soften the metal before striking.
Grabador	Engraver	The artist who sculpts the model of a coin’s design in bas-relief (or digital relief).
Marca de Ceca	Mint Mark	A small letter or symbol on the coin that identifies the Mint facility where it was produced.

Exportar a Hojas de cálculo

---

Design and Legends (Diseño y Leyendas)

Spanish Term	English Translation	Simplified Definition
Busto	Bust	A portrait on a coin, usually including the head, neck, and upper shoulders.
Campo	Field	The flat surface of the coin not covered by the design or inscriptions.
Relieve	Relief	The part of the coin design that is raised above the surface.
Incusa	Incuse	The part of the design that is sunk or pressed in below the surface (the opposite of relief).
Inscripción	Inscription	The words, numbers, or letters stamped on a coin or medal.
Leyenda	Legend	The main lettering or motto that appears on the coin (e.g., «LIBERTY»).
Lema	Motto	A short phrase inscribed to express a national principle (e.g., «E Pluribus Unum»).
Variedad	Variety	A minor but recognizable change in the basic design type of a coin.

Exportar a Hojas de cálculo

---

Valuation and Collecting (Valoración y Coleccionismo)

Spanish Term	English Translation	Simplified Definition
Moneda	Coin	A flat metal piece with a design, issued by the government as money with a declared value.
Medio de Intercambio	Medium of Exchange	Anything (coin, bill) that people accept as value for trade.
Moneda de Curso Legal	Legal Tender	Currency or bill issued by the government that is official money for paying debts.
Denominación	Denomination	The face value of a coin (e.g., 1 cent, 1 dollar).
Valor Nominal	Face Value	The value for which the coin can be spent (e.g., 10¢), as opposed to its metal or collector value.
Valor Intrínseco	Intrinsic Value	The current market value of the precious metal (gold, silver, platinum) contained in a coin.
Lingotes	Bullion	Precious metal (gold, silver, platinum) in the form of bars or coins, used for value storage.
Moneda de Lingote	Bullion Coin	A precious metal coin traded at current metal prices, not for its numismatic value.
Condición	Condition	The physical state of a coin.
Grado	Grade	A standardized rating that indicates the level of wear or preservation of a coin.
MS-70	MS-70	Abbreviation for «Mint State 70,» designating a coin in perfect state of preservation.
Brillo de Ceca	Mint Luster	The original shine (dull or satiny) found on coins that have not circulated.
Numismática	Numismatics	The study and collecting of items used as money (coins, bills, medals, etc.).
Fecha Clave	Key Date	A very scarce mint date that is difficult to find and expensive to complete a series.
Serie	Series	A collection that includes all dates and mint marks of a specific design and denomination.
Casa de la Moneda	Mint	The place where coins are manufactured under government authority.

Exportar a Hojas de cálculo

---

Striking Types and Errors (Tipos de Acuñación y Errores)

Spanish Term	English Translation	Detailed Description
Acuñación Comercial	Business Strike	Coins produced for general circulation (those used daily).
Sin Circular	Uncirculated (or Mint State)	A coin that has never been used in daily commerce. At the U.S. Mint, it refers to a coin produced with a special process for a brilliant finish.
Prueba	Proof	Special production coin for collectors. It’s made with highly polished planchets and dies, often struck multiple times, resulting in a mirror-like background and a frosted foreground.
Conmemorativo	Commemorative	A special coin or medal issued to honor an important person, place, or event.
Error	Error	A coin that was incorrectly produced and, by mistake, released into circulation.
Descentrado	Off-Center	Describes a coin whose design was struck misaligned by the press, missing parts of its image.
Marca de Bolsa	Bag Mark	A small mark or scratch on a coin caused by contact with other coins during the mint’s packaging process.
Falsificación	Counterfeit	A fake coin manufactured to look genuine.

Exportar a Hojas de cálculo

---

Organizations and Storage (Organizaciones y Almacenamiento)

Spanish Term	English Translation	Simplified Definition
Asociación Numismática Americana (ANA)	American Numismatic Association (ANA)	A non-profit educational organization that promotes the study and collecting of money worldwide.
Losa	Slab	Nickname for the sealed, rectangular protective holders used by grading companies to encapsulate certified coins.
Mylar®	Mylar®	Brand name of a polyester film used for safe storage of coins.